Golang Nginx 配置 Root规则错误对于网站的影响

文章
2021-08-31 15:13:55 +0800 CST
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[TOCM]

[TOC]
### 前言

用Go写好一个项目，那么久伴随着上线，直接使用IP：port方式访问体验非常差，因此web项目或者接口往往都会绑定一个域名。

### 方法
**使用Nginx代理：proxy_pass（此模块允许将请求传递到另一个服务器）**

使用域名访问默认都是80端口，我们只需要将80端口转发到go程序的自定义端口上即可，只需要简单的设置即可实现。

###  Nginx配置

```
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  go.phpbloger.com;
    charset utf-8;
    access_log /www/wwwlogs/www.go-day.cn.log;
    error_log   /www/wwwlogs/www.go-day.cn.error.log;
    location / {
        try_files /_not_exists_ @web;
    }
    location @web {
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header Host            $http_host;
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; #就是这里
    }
}
```
此时直接访问域名就可以了。

但是通过Nginx日志发现问题如下：

```
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:51 +0800] "GET /detail/1.html HTTP/1.1" 200 6191 "http://go.phpbloger.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:51 +0800] "GET /captcha HTTP/1.1" 200 1183 "http://go.phpbloger.com/detail/1.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:51 +0800] "GET /sm/b7d7e18e65ee3e8841f92f8a728d5f23edbb06a87a648dcdc05375140959cb3e.map HTTP/1.1" 404 18 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:55 +0800] "GET /detail/1.html HTTP/1.1" 200 6191 "http://go.phpbloger.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:55 +0800] "GET /static/css/styles.css HTTP/1.1" 200 92 "http://go.phpbloger.com/detail/1.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:55 +0800] "GET /static/css/code.css HTTP/1.1" 200 955 "http://go.phpbloger.com/detail/1.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:55 +0800] "GET /static/css/pagination.css HTTP/1.1" 200 1868 "http://go.phpbloger.com/detail/1.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:55 +0800] "GET /static/css/style.css HTTP/1.1" 200 5446 "http://go.phpbloger.com/detail/1.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:55 +0800] "GET /static/css/button.css HTTP/1.1" 200 693 "http://go.phpbloger.com/detail/1.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:55 +0800] "GET /static/css/jquery.fancybox.min.css HTTP/1.1" 200 1473 "http://go.phpbloger.com/detail/1.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:55 +0800] "GET /static/js/jquery.min.js HTTP/1.1" 200 33599 "http://go.phpbloger.com/detail/1.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:55 +0800] "GET /static/js/main.js HTTP/1.1" 200 1110 "http://go.phpbloger.com/detail/1.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:55 +0800] "GET /sm/b7d7e18e65ee3e8841f92f8a728d5f23edbb06a87a648dcdc05375140959cb3e.map HTTP/1.1" 404 18 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:55 +0800] "GET /captcha HTTP/1.1" 200 1135 "http://go.phpbloger.com/detail/1.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:55 +0800] "GET /static/editor.md/lib/prettify.min.js HTTP/1.1" 200 8173 "http://go.phpbloger.com/detail/1.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:55 +0800] "GET /static/editor.md/lib/raphael.min.js HTTP/1.1" 200 35782 "http://go.phpbloger.com/detail/1.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:55 +0800] "GET /static/editor.md/lib/underscore.min.js HTTP/1.1" 200 6386 "http://go.phpbloger.com/detail/1.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:55 +0800] "GET /static/js/jquery.fancybox.pack.min.js HTTP/1.1" 200 9563 "http://go.phpbloger.com/detail/1.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:55 +0800] "GET /static/editor.md/lib/marked.min.js HTTP/1.1" 200 6210 "http://go.phpbloger.com/detail/1.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:55 +0800] "GET /static/editor.md/lib/sequence-diagram.min.js HTTP/1.1" 200 34889 "http://go.phpbloger.com/detail/1.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:55 +0800] "GET /static/editor.md/lib/jquery.flowchart.min.js HTTP/1.1" 200 810 "http://go.phpbloger.com/detail/1.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:55 +0800] "GET /static/editor.md/editormd.js HTTP/1.1" 200 36118 "http://go.phpbloger.com/detail/1.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:55 +0800] "GET /static/editor.md/lib/flowchart.min.js HTTP/1.1" 200 7353 "http://go.phpbloger.com/detail/1.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:14:57:56 +0800] "GET /static/cactus/images/favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 200 16958 "http://go.phpbloger.com/detail/1.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"

```
会发现所有静态资源都会发起一次http请求，这无疑是不可容忍的，试想一下访问一个页面就要发起几十乃至上百个http请求，无疑非常的耗费资源。

### 处理办法：

当Nginx收到请求时，如果We服务器匹配到资源就直接返回，不需要再由客户端发起请求，只需要简单的配置就可以实现；如下

```
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  go.phpbloger.com;
    access_log /www/wwwlogs/www.go-day.cn.log;
    error_log  /www/wwwlogs/www.go-day.cn.error.log;

    #在服务器/www/wwwroot/go-day目录下匹配js,css文件，如果没有找到则使用域名加资源来找
    location ~ .*\.(js|css|ico)$
    {
        access_log off;
        expires 10d;
        root /www/wwwroot/go-day;
        try_files $uri @web;
    }

    #匹配图片资源，路径根据自身的改
    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
    {
        expires      30d;
        access_log off;
        root /www/wwwroot/admin.go-day.com/public;
        try_files $uri @web;
    }

    location / {
        try_files /_not_exists_ @web;
    }

    location @web {
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header Host            $http_host;
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
    }
}

```
此时我们再来看下结果

```
 tail -f www.go-day.cn.log 
```
结果为：
```
139.226.186.116 - - [31/Aug/2021:15:09:02 +0800] "GET /detail/1.html HTTP/1.1" 200 6191 "http://go.phpbloger.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36"

```
看到了吧，此时服务器匹配资源直接返回，一次http请求就结束了。

### 总结一下：

location语法请查看Nginx文档，如果路径配置错误，匹配规则配置错误，都不能获得正确的结果，如果加了root 静态资源路径，http发请求还是会响应N次，那么可以开启日志查看

```
access_log off;
#改为
access_log on;
```
此时通过

```
tail -f /www/wwwlogs/www.go-day.cn.error.log
```

可以查看具体的文件路径是否匹配正确，相应的做出修改即可。